Although there are hundreds of phobias, the vast majority of them fall into a category called specific phobias. Specific phobias are what most people consider a phobia to be; a person is frightened by a thing, object or situation that should not be feared, especially not to the degree that someone with a phobia fears it. However, specific phobias can be overcome without much trouble.
Most common phobias, like claustrophobia and arachnophobia, are specific phobias. Like all phobias, they are an irrational fear, usually centering on a situation that is perceived as being uncontrollable or dangerous. Essentially, someone with a specific phobia sees a normally non threatening thing or situation as being extremely serious. Although no one specifically likes spiders, for example, only those with a phobia are transfixed by fear. The tragic part is, many people with phobias understand that they should not be frightened of a spider or closed in area, or whatever may trigger their phobia, but there is not a lot they can do to change how they feel when the phobic reaction is happening to.
The five types of specific phobia are animal phobias, natural environment phobias, situational phobias, blood injection phobia, and other specific phobias. Phobias of animals are just being afraid of specific animals, while conversely phobias of the natural environment are actually fears of elements of concern of the natural environment, for instance heights or even thunderstorms. Situational phobias are fears of a scenario that are thought to be dreadful, like going to the doctor or being trapped in a small space. Blood injection phobias are the fear of needles, blood, or medical procedures, and although all phobias make people feel like they might pass out, blood injection phobias are the only phobias that will actually make someone pass out. There is also an ‘other subset that is for phobias which are set aside for phobias that don’t fit in a totally into the additional four groups.
Although there is no surefire way to cure every case of phobia, treatment for specific phobias focuses on making a person confront their fear. This method works because the phobia is an irrational reaction and their brain sees something as a greater threat than it is. By exposing oneself to the phobic trigger and replacing the phobic response with a controlled response, they break the link in their brain between the trigger and danger. Sometimes medication can help reduce the anxiety associated with severe specific phobias, but medication is used much more commonly with other types of phobias.
Even though you would think that anything that wasn’t a specific phobia would be obvious and completely different, the other two phobia families were once considered to be specific phobias. Social phobias and Agoraphobia are similar to situational phobias, but their cause and treatments are much different and are more dependent on using medication to get the phobic reactions under control. Because of the difficult in properly diagnosing phobias, if you think you are phobic, seek a doctor’s opinion before experimenting on yourself.
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